4/30 Notes – Substituent Notes

D. Naming Substituents

1. Halogen Derivatives

Treat as a radical

a. Naming a compound

Name longest chain first (pentane)

Name branches in alphabetical order

2-bromo-3-chloro-4-methylpentane

b. Drawing out a compound

1, 4 – dichlorobutane

2. Organic Oxygen Compounds

a. Alcohol

i. Def – contains a hydroxyl group

- OH

ii. Naming

Change the name of – e to – ol

b. Carboxylic Acid

i. Def – contains a HO-C=O

ii. Naming

Change the –e to –oic acid

c. Aldehyde

i. Def – contains a C=O

ii. Naming

Change the –e to –al

d. Naming

a. 2 – propanol

b. 1 – butanoic acid

c. 1 – hexanal

e. Drawing structures

i. Methanol

ii. Propanal

iii. Pentanoic acid