4/28 Notes – Hydrocarbons

1. Hydrocarbons

A. Classification of Hydrocarbons

1. Aromatic hydrocarbons – smell, ringed carbon molecules

2. Aliphatic hydrocarbons – non-aromatic carbon molecules

Not having a ring

a. Saturated hydrocarbons – all single bonds (full of hydrogens)

b. Unsaturated hydrocarbon – contains multiple bonds (not full of hydrogens)

B. Alkanes

1. Def – containing only single carbon-carbon bonds

2. Generic Formula

C_N H_{2N + 2}

3. Naming

Number of C	Name	Formula
1	Methane	CH4
2	Ethane	C2H6
3	Propane	C3H8
4	Butane	C4H10
5	Pentane	C5H12
6	Hexane	C6H14
7	Heptane	C7H16
8	Octane	C8H18
9	Nonane	C9H20
10	Decane	C10H22
12	Dodecane	C12H26

4. Examples

a. What is wrong with the following formula? C₅H₁₄

Too many H, there should only be 12

b. Name the following compound: C₄H₁₀

Butane

c. Draw the following compound: C₇H₁₆

C – C – C – C – C – C – C